Estimating the Probability of Traditional Copying, Conditional on Answer-Copying Statistics

Detecting Answer Copying on High - Stakes Tests

C heating is a potentially serious problem on high-stakes tests, such as the Multistate Bar Exam (MBE), because it can result in under-qualified individuals receiving their Board’s certification to practice, thereby undermining the certification process. Because cheating on exams has such serious ramifications, it is important for test administrators to minimize cheating opportunities and detec...

Beyond Copying

Conditional copying fidelity in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).

In the last two decades, it became largely accepted that monkeys show little, if any, copying fidelity. However, some recent studies have begun to challenge this notion. To explore reasons for such contrary findings, we designed a foraging apparatus so that in each of two experiments with capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella), a model would demonstrate one of two alternative methods to obtain food. T...

Smart copying

Can imitation be considered one of the most successful strategies in business? My answer is " yes ". It appears that this topic is getting more and more attention nowadays. It is well known that Apple's success can be attributed to taking existing ideas and repackaging them with excellent design. However, no one can readily blame Steven Jobs for lacking originality. Even if the ideas for his co...

Sidewards without copying

A traditional movement step relates a single source position to a single c-commanding target position, and never moves an argument to another argument position. But head movement involves non-c-command relations, and control relates two argument positions that are not always in a c-command relation. Special mechanisms could be invoked for these things, but a different strategy slightly generali...